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[Music]

>> So my name is Ivan Tarapov.

I work for Microsoft Research.

Our team is called InnerEye.

This is the project InnerEye,

and we work on the medical image

analysis.

And what I'm showing here is the

tool that we built which is a

tool that is used by radiation

oncologists during cancer

treatment planning.

So what happens in cancer

treatment planning is that a

trained physician, a radiation

oncologist, would have to look

at a 3-D medical image of a

patient.

So we're looking at a typical

computer tomography scan that

they would take, and they would

go through every slice of this

image and they would accurately

delineate all the organs that

are interesting to them.

The organs that have the tumor,

but also the organs that need to

be spared due to the treatment,

because eventually those

delineations will go into this

radiation therapy machine which

effectively needs to focus a

high-energy beam of ionizing

radiation of the tumor and try

to have it shrink or destroyed,

but at the same time it needs to

spare everything that's around

the tumor.

So what they do right now, they

would basically go through every

slice and they would do

something like that.

They would say that I'm fine to

contour bladder here, right, and

on this slice I'm going to draw

a contour like that.

And, by the way, you may notice

that I'm using the Surface

Studio and a pen, which they

don't have, so they would use

the mouse and keyboard, and then

they would switch to the next

slice and draw another contour

here and then they will switch

to another slice, which gets

pretty laborious and takes a lot

of time.

But there's tool in the market

to improve this proces, but we

believe we have built something

that allows them to be even more

efficient.

So we have this fancy button

here that says add a structure

set.

And when I click on it, I have

this selection of organs that

I'm telling my algorithm to look

for.

So I'm pressing start.

And what happens right now is

machine learning algorithm is

running in the background, going

through every single voxel on

this image, trying to classify

it, tell whether this voxel

belongs to a bladder or to a

prostate, or it's the left femur

or right femur.

So it's pretty efficient.

This machine here has an I7

model CPU, and it takes us only

under a minute to come up with

the segmentation.

So here we have the full

segmentation of a prostate CT

scan.

So it's not 100% accurate, but

So it's not 100% accurate, but we have all the organs in there

we have all the organs in there

and all the contours are very

and all the contours are very precise and all that's there's

precise and all that's there's

left to do is, for example,

here, where we have the prostate

bladder interface, probably

didn't get it right, I would

click the add/remove and I would

clean up those pieces of

prostate segmentation that went

into here, and rather than

contouring 110 slices, you

would have to go through

probably 10 and fix them up and

the rest -- and that gets you

there.

Also in this tool we have this

nice volume render which helps

you visualize what's in there in

3-D.

Yes, so this is it.

This is Project InnerEye.

There's a lot of things that we

plan to do, a lot of things you

can do with machine learning

based medical image analysis.

And so we're working with other

regions and other problems in

radiation oncology and radiology

alike.

So for now this tool is

available to select clinical

institutions.

But if you're one of them, and

if you're curious to help us and

participate in this program and

get your hands on this tool,

please contact us, Project

InnerEye, and thanks for your

attention.

For more infomation >> Tech Showcase: Project InnerEye – Assistive AI for Cancer Treatment - Duration: 3:54.

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Pregnancy and Cosmetic Procedures: What Treatments are Safe, and What Should be Postponed - Duration: 7:36.

Thank you for your question.

You submitted your question without a photo but you're asking essentially how long after

giving birth and breastfeeding is it appropriate to do CO2 laser and fillers.

And you ask more about, in the substance of your question about how does pregnancy affect

the skin and what kind of impact there could be if you undergo a laser procedure and injectable

filler.

Well, I can certainly share with you how I guide my patients who very frequently ask

the same question in our practice.

A little bit of background, I'm a Board-certified cosmetic surgeon and Fellowship-trained oculofacial

plastic and reconstructive surgeon.

I have been in practice in Manhattan and Long Island for over 20 years.

Rejuvenating the skin and rejuvenating the face is a very big part of what I do every

day in our practice.

And all the tools of the trade such as the use of lasers and injectable fillers and neurotoxins

is essentially how I help my patients look their best every day.

So to just simplify the effects of pregnancy in terms of the relative risk of the CO2 laser,

I would first start by asking what you want to do that requires CO2 lasers.

Generally speaking, we use the CO2 laser or the Erbium laser for essentially wrinkling

and discolorations with the secondary benefit of collagen induction.

So the question is, what are the potential risks related to pregnancy?

Well, one in particular has to do with pigmentation.

There's a condition called melasma which is associated with pregnancy often referred

to as the mask of pregnancy.

So the effects of estrogen and hormonal changes on the skin.

Pigmentation is a variable that's important to consider before undergoing a procedure

such as CO2 laser.

Many times, for things that we would maybe consider a CO2 laser for particular discolorations

related to conditions such as sun exposure or sun damage, we can use alternatives that

are non-ablative such as the Q-switch laser and basically try to minimize the effect of

the thermal energy on the skin.

Essentially, it is basically a rule of thumb to allow some time to transpire and when it

comes to something like a laser treatment.

And so I would say 6 months to go by just to get some sense of what the skin looks like

and what is the stability is before doing some kind of laser type of procedure.

The other thing about filler is that, as far as fillers are concerned, injectable fillers

that add volume such as anything in the hyaluronic acid family is pretty much safe to do at any

time.

I would say that dealing with the changes of hormonal levels after delivering, it's

still going to have an effect on facial volume.

So, unless someone has a very thin face or a particular area of concern, we can either

choose to wait or conservatively add volume as is appropriate.

As far as the other options such as the use of a neurotoxin like Botox®, Dysport, Xeomin,

essentially that particular area is probably safe at any time.

There's no data as to the relative risk for breastfeeding women but essentially because

it's a localized treatment, it is very unlikely that there will be much in the serum that

would eventually be passed on to the baby.

So I think that you can consider, if you are used to getting Botox® with some consistently

or you like the effects whether it's getting a Botox® brow lift or Botox® lip lift or

doing the things that go with Botox®, you can probably get that done a little bit sooner.

I think that the doctor you work with in terms of your injectables, lasers, should have a

sense of your history.

When we see our patients, a lot of times, our patients, we won't see them for a while

and they'll tell me that they just had a baby and of course, I have their photos before

and I do comparisons and I look at any changes and I try to counsel them accordingly.

But generally speaking, allowing about 6 months or so to transpire is a pretty safe zone after

which, you're pretty much close to your pre-pregnancy baseline.

Again, depending on weight gain or other variables of course comes with this type of event in

one's life.

So, I think the take home message of course is, have a doctor who will watch you and have

a sense of what is appropriate.

And again, ask yourself what specifically do you want to achieve with the CO2 laser.

You know, one last example, if someone wants to have just a little bit of CO2 laser, fractional

CO2 laser under their eyes to refresh any wrinkled skin, well that should be pretty

straightforward and it's not likely to get significantly hyperpigmented depending on

your skin type.

So it just goes back to essentially more about specific strategies and what kind of outcome

and understanding what variables have an impact during this period of time.

So I hope that was helpful, I wish you the best of luck and thank you for your question.

For more infomation >> Pregnancy and Cosmetic Procedures: What Treatments are Safe, and What Should be Postponed - Duration: 7:36.

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UW researchers are improving treatment for people with kidney disease - Duration: 0:44.

Dosing patients with kidney disease is complicated. But the problem with kidney

disease and liver disease is that those diseases are dynamic, which means in many

patients they continue to get worse over time. So we can't pick a dose for a

patient on one day and expect that dose to be the same a year or two years

or 10 years from today. Kidney-on-a-chip, I hope, will replace a lot of the current

testing methods that we use in drug development for both trying to

understand if drugs can treat kidney disease and understanding whether drugs

can harm the kidney. As a pharmacist my goal is always to make the life of my

patients better. And the more we understand kidney disease,

the better their lives will be.

For more infomation >> UW researchers are improving treatment for people with kidney disease - Duration: 0:44.

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Separation Anxiety in Dogs Treatment That Works!: Causes, Symptoms, And Solutions - Duration: 4:31.

does your dog bark and whine constantly does your dog destroy clothes too on

valuable possessions and ruin furniture does your dog tend to frequently urinate

or defecate in the house when you're gone if your dog often does some or all

of those things then they might suffer from what is known as dog separation

anxiety up to 35% of dogs suffer from separation anxiety these symptoms are

not that uncommon a dog becomes family they've become your child and you become

their parent they rely on you just like of child would you feed them take care

of them and you are their companionship they rely on dogs can suffer from

anxiety just like a child would when a child leaves school for the first time

they often feel anxiety separation from their parents dogs are no different when

you will leave the house they too can feel depressed sad and even scared when

you're gone the problem with dogs is that they can be much more destructive

in their behavior they can damage valuables of yours it is not only unfair

for your dog but it's unfair for you this condition can be a nightmare to

have you love your dog and you want to lease him or her of their fears

you probably didn't become a dog donor only to constantly worry about your dog

every time you leave the house did you you are probably feeling a bit of

anxiety yourself and have been desperately looking for solutions you've

probably looked online tried a variety of different methods only to find none

of them worked to cure your dog separation anxiety it's best to

understand it better dog separation can occur in all ages not just puppies dog

separation anxiety can be so problematic that some owners end up giving up their

beloved dog luckily you won't have to consider something that drastic first

let's understand all the symptoms of dog separation some of the most common

symptoms include constant dog whining and barking incessantly dog pacing

chewing furniture destroying window coverings ripping up carpet

eating through drywall scratching up windows and doors constantly jumping up

on you and your guests your dog gets jealous and growls or attacks people

near you urinating and defecating in your home when you are gone dog

separation anxiety can be so bad that some dogs end up hurting themselves and

unfortunately have even killed themselves dogs have actually tried

jumping through glass windows trying to leave the house and have died as a

result this has really happened there's not a

complete reason why some dogs experience dogs anxiety separation and wife some

don't usually it happens from some type of psychological factor some of the

causes might include a history of abuse or living in multiple homes at a young

age also your dog might have not interacted much as a puppy with other

dogs or people your dog's separation anxiety is not your fault

nor is it your dog's fault it's a disorder that he or she developed but it

is your duty as a loving dog owner to treat this condition you'll be happy

your dog will be happy and you'll both be less stressful in the long run it is

now possible to cure your dog social anxiety separation so that you can enjoy

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you'll learn which medications are used to treat dog separation and how to

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For more infomation >> Separation Anxiety in Dogs Treatment That Works!: Causes, Symptoms, And Solutions - Duration: 4:31.

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Culture is treatment and prevention - Duration: 7:01.

My name is Harlan Pruden. I am First Nations Cree. Syndemics is that

perfect storm where there's interlocking and interrelated social as well as

health issues that are impacting. And when I looked at the syndemics, I became

like really kind of hopeful, in that we have to start looking at the context in

which the disease is happening, or how the context is allowing the spread of

the disease. And the context is like a— what I'm saying is an overall

picture right — and so what I was also talking about is our interventions

cannot just be singly in focus right. So you can't just talk about homelessness,

without talking about education and employment and addictions.

Nor can you talk about addictions without talking about

employment, education housing security or insecurity as well as other things. And

so it's this addressing and looking at kind of like a holistic approach. And so

we've been hearing concepts from speakers, like this morning at the

plenary, of talking about peer-based or peer-driven services. And I know that

there is historical trauma-informed care, is also doing this

holistic kind of approach, that you're not triggering. But it's the

entire context that we're in so it's like it's this overall theme of looking

at the context. And what it makes very hopeful is that we

can start a way of talking about and a framework of addressing those big huge

issues of racism and systemic and institutional racism that exists for

many people of color, and particularly in Canada for the Aboriginal and First

Nations, Indigenous and Métis. Racism was well alive right. Or the big issues around

colonization for us as native people, in that that's the context, and once we

start looking at the healing around that is then I think that we're actually

getting more at the question of addressing social determinants of health.

But it's that syndemics, so it's not just one thing and it's also

this acknowledgement that everything is interconnected. And as a native

person you know we we we know that everything is connected and because

we're whole people and so that's what I'm like really hopeful around this

conversation because it's not like just looking at one thing it's looking at

everything . Which makes it incredibly challenging. But syndemics and that

research and discussion is the opening up of that and so I'm very hopeful around that.

Culture is treatment and culture is prevention,

you know, and that again it goes back to that larger framework that anything that

instills greater cultural pride increases self-esteem. When you have an

increased self-esteem better decision-making processes happen and

it's a holistic approach to health and well-being.

And so that's a new sort of sort of like we're actually articulating it that

culture is prevention and culture is treatment. And that's where I'm focusing

my attention on. But again it's difficult because those folks that are

disconnected, that are internalized their living and breathing— what I would

say is internalized colonization—and are so dislocated from their from their ways

right, by the choice or by stigma or because they're on what we would say is

the Black Road you know. They're coping the best way that they know and that

often is through drugs and alcohol. And I think what we just have to do is stay

the course continue on doing it because I know that once people said that

so bring up looking at those issues they find it back to the Red Road. And

I think that what I consistently do is drop little tobacco and pray for

those people, that are on that journey and on that that road, that that one day

that they can find the Red Road, and once they find the Red Road that

there is programming and spaces for them to say, "come and celebrate your Indianess,"

"come and celebrate your two-spiritness," and that there is that support there for them

I'm Margaret Robinson, I'm a researcher in residence at the Ontario

HIV Treatment Network, and my focus is on Aboriginal health. What they found in BC

is that when there were particular elements present in an Indigenous

culture—like self government for instance, or control over police, fire

department, health services, people speaking their Indigenous language—that

suicide rates just plummeted. They identified a number of key markers,

and if these things are present in the community then they have very little

suicide, in part because it enables young people and other people as well, to

imagine a future for themselves as an Indigenous person in the community they

live in. If as the study suggests, that having strong Indigenous communities

keeps people healthy and lowers rates of diabetes, lowers rates of suicide, lowers

people's issues with mental health or substance use, then I think we need to be

investing in strong Indigenous communities, we need to be helping people

get access to their culture, and helping people stay connected with it. Because

not only is it the right thing to do, and it helps create healthier people, but

it's actually cheaper in the long run to keep people healthy than it is to treat people who are sick.

I was lead on the Two-Spirit roundtable which examined

mental health and substance use among Two-Spirit people in Timmins and in

Ottawa. And we interviewed people there in a round circle, and it was amazing

when people started talking about the impact that cultural connection and

tradition and involvement in ceremony had had on their lives. It changed the way

that they felt about their own mental health and well-being it, changed the way

that they dealt with stigma, and helped them move through trauma and grief, and

all those issues of violence that we face as Indigenous people in our daily lives.

For more infomation >> Culture is treatment and prevention - Duration: 7:01.

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More Research Needed for Treatment of Chronic Pain - Duration: 1:16.

The opioid epidemic is extremely complicated, as we know, and a

very important component of that is the use of prescription opioids for the

management of pain, a use that increased in a very alarming way over a course of

about 20 years, and is now beginning to get under better control, which is wonderful.

Though still three times higher than it was in 1999.

What we know in place of using opioids is that there are other

medications, there's therapies such as physical therapy, chiropractic care,

there's acupuncture, there's a variety of integrated health practices but we don't

necessarily know what works for what condition, what works for what person,

and so there is a very strong need to bring more science to when people say that

yoga helps, or mindfulness helps. How does it help? Who does it help? What conditions

does it help? And we need that to arm both consumers, their providers, payers,

with more evidence basis to guide payment policy and patient care