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Today our video topic is about: Diabetic Foot Ulcer Pictures, Treatment and Symptoms.
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What are diabetic foot ulcers? Diabetic foot ulcers are sores on the feet
that occur in 15% of diabetic patients some time during their lifetime. The risk of lower-extremity
amputation is increased 8-fold in these patients once an ulcer develops.
What causes diabetic foot ulcers? Diabetic foot ulcers are caused by neuropathic (nerve)
and vascular (blood vessel) complications of the disease.
Nerve damage due to diabetes causes altered or complete loss of feeling in the foot and/or
leg. This is known as peripheral neuropathy. Pressure from shoes, cuts, bruises, or any
injury to the foot may go unnoticed. The loss of protective sensation stops the patient
from being warned that the skin is being injured and may result in skin loss, blisters and
ulcers. Vascular disease is also a major problem in
diabetes and especially affects very small blood vessels feeding the skin (microangiopathy).
In this situation a doctor may find normal pulses in the feet because the arteries are
unaffected. However other diabetic patients may also have narrowed arteries so that no
pulse can be found in the feet (ischaemia). The lack of healthy blood flow may lead to
ulceration. Wound healing is also impaired. Vascular disease is aggravated by smoking.
What are the signs and symptoms? It is not unusual for patients to have had
diabetic foot ulcers for some time before presenting to doctors because they are frequently
painless. Depending on severity diabetic foot ulcers
may be rated between 0 and 3: 0: at risk foot with no ulceration
1: superficial ulceration with no infection 2: deep ulceration exposing tendons and joints
3: extensive ulceration or abscesses Tissue around the ulcer may become black
due to the lack of healthy blood flow to the foot. In severe cases partial or complete gangrene may
occur. Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Stay off your feet to prevent pain and ulcers. This is called off-loading, and it's helpful
for all forms of diabetic foot ulcers. Pressure from walking can make an infection worse and
an ulcer expand. For people who are overweight, extra pressure may be the cause of ongoing
foot pain. Your doctor may recommend wearing certain
items to protect your feet: diabetic shoes
casts food braces
compression wraps shoe inserts to prevent corns and calluses
Doctors can remove diabetic foot ulcers with a debridement, the removal of dead skin, foreign
objects, or infections that may have caused the ulcer.
An infection is a serious complication of a foot ulcer and requires immediate treatment.
Not all infections are treated the same way. Tissue surrounding the ulcer may be sent to
a lab to determine which antibiotic will help. If your doctor suspects a serious infection,
he or she may order an X-ray to look for signs of bone infection.
Infection of a foot ulcer can be prevented with:
foot baths disinfecting the skin around an ulcer
keeping the ulcer dry with frequent dressing changes
enzyme treatments dressings containing calcium alginates to
inhibit bacterial growth

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