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burn treatment at home

here are the top three home remedies for her

baking soda baking soda also known as sodium bicarbonate provides quick and

easy relief from heartburn being a natural antacid it neutralizes

stomach acid and works within minutes giving you relief from heartburn pain

apple cider vinegar if you suffer from heartburn try apple cider vinegar it

triggers the sphincter below the esophagus to close thus preventing acid

from rising it also helps lower the pH of the

stomach contents making it more acidic to improve a digestion

ginger fresh ginger provides relief from heartburn in two ways it's absorbs acid

in the stomach and helps calm the nerves that contribute to heartburn

it reduces the likelihood of stomach acid flowing up into the esophagus it

also reduces inflammation thus providing quick relief from heartburn symptoms

you can use ginger as a spice and cooking eat raw ginger pieces or drink

ginger tea this natural herb can be consumed regularly to prevent heartburn

from recurring

For more infomation >> Heartburn treatment at home | Top 3 home remedies for heartburn | Heartburn relief - Duration: 2:09.

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Disease treatment through the internet - LAS - Duration: 7:01.

Welcome to our lascomment knowledge channel.

The Challenge of Doctor-Patient Relations in the Internet Age.

"Let me do some research, and I'll get back to you," my patient said.

My patient, a 19-year-old undergraduate, had already taken time off from school because

of her anxiety.

I was her psychiatrist, with over two decades of experience treating university students,

and had just explained my diagnostic impressions based on a lengthy evaluation.

I'd recommended that she try a medicine I expected would help.

I'd also laid out the risks and benefits of other treatment options.

"Do you have additional questions I can answer?"

I asked.

I wanted to let her know that's why I was there, to cull the research, to help make

sense of it.

"No, I like to go online and look for myself," she said.

More and more, I see students turning away from the expertise that a live person can

offer and instead turning to the vast and somehow more objective-seeming "expertise"

of the digital world.

In an age when journalism we don't like can be dismissed as "fake news," suggesting

that the information we do like is most credible, regardless of its source, it's not hard

to understand why young people do this.

The medical profession itself, under managed care, has played a role as well, providing

less time for doctor-patient interactions and undermining the chances that a personal

relationship and trust can develop.

Under the guise of efficiency, medical test results are now often released directly to

patients, sometimes before or even without the benefit of any interpretation.

But there's danger in trusting data over people, as there is in thinking the expertise

of all people is equivalent.

When it comes to health, digital natives may not be learning how to navigate effectively.

And the consequences could be harmful.

The availability of health data on the internet has its benefits.

Online, for example, we can find explanations and solutions for symptoms we might be too

embarrassed, or afraid, to discuss with another person, in person.

Or, for life-threatening diseases, we can locate clinical trials our doctors may not

be aware of.

However, there's also a lot of misleading information, and information that's flat

out untrue.

The internet is full of people selling things — supplements, treatment regimens that have

not been rigorously tested, even prescription medications — and making false promises

that have not been scrutinized by regulatory agencies.

Sometimes, as in the case of "pro-ana" websites that promote "an anorexic diet"

for "aggressive" weight loss, the information can encourage life-threatening behavior.

Many smart, well-educated people think they are immune from the risks of misinformation.

But they underestimate how the experience of illness can affect judgment.

Emotional suffering, in particular, can be profoundly isolating, shaking our sense of

self to its core.

Having other human beings to walk the path with us — doctors and other licensed clinicians

who relay information in the context of a caring relationship — is part of what leads

to better outcomes.

Years ago, when we discussed paternalism versus patient autonomy in my medical school ethics

class, I came down strongly in favor of autonomy.

Who but the patient could best decide what was right for him or her?

But years of clinical — and personal — experience have taught me that information in and of

itself is insufficient.

Judgment is also indispensable, especially in complex situations, and the capacity for

good judgment rests within people, not data sets.

I've had patients refuse antidepressants I know would be likely to help, because they've

read online that they will cause weight gain, even when I explain it's highly unlikely.

I've had patients insist they need a stimulant medication because they fit a brief symptom

checklist for A.D.H.D., balking at my assessment that their substance use or anxiety may better

account for their problems.

I had a student forgo psychiatric treatment after reading online that a gluten allergy

accounted for his symptoms — and his negative gluten allergy test results could not be trusted.

I go online for many things: to choose rentals when I travel, or to research consumer goods

before I buy them.

When I choose a physician, though, I don't rely on the popular consensus found online.

Satisfied patients typically don't bother to post feedback about their doctors online;

dissatisfied ones are more motivated to post complaints.

But those complaints may or may not accurately reflect whether the patients actually got

treatment that was right for them.

Similarly, personal anecdotes of experiences with a particular drug or other form of treatment

may have little relevance to whether that treatment fits another person.

I want professionals whose education, training and actual experience I can trust.

Then, after forcing myself to ask all my questions, even the embarrassing ones, I aim to trust

my doctors' judgment, and their interpretation of the research and data in their field.

My young patient returned two weeks later, having decided to start the medicine I offered.

She was reassured that what she'd read online, and heard from friends, confirmed what I'd

told her.

In her case, the only cost was that she'd delayed treatment by two weeks, deferring

the benefit she might have had in the semester's crunch moments.

Some patients delay for much longer, or opt out of evidence-based treatment in favor of

something of dubious benefit that's hawked online.

When it comes to health, I hope we can help the next generations understand that there

isn't always an app for that.

For more infomation >> Disease treatment through the internet - LAS - Duration: 7:01.

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How to Treat Eye Wrinkles Appearing While Relaxed, with Movement, and Thinned Eyelid Skin - Duration: 9:14.

Thank you for your question.

You submitted your question with several photos.

And you're asking what can you do about your under eye skin, about wrinkles and thin

skin.

And several of your photos you have from different angles and with expression and without expression.

Well, I can certainly share with you how I counsel my patients who come in every day

in my practice with exactly the same concerns.

A little bit of background, I'm a Board-certified cosmetic surgeon and Fellowship-trained oculofacial

plastic and reconstructive surgeon.

I have been in practice in Manhattan and Long Island for over 20 years.

Customizing solutions to help people with wrinkles around their eyes whether it's

with injectables or with regenerative medicine technology and of course the many lasers has

been an evolving and continuously interesting process that helped me really optimize the

treatment strategies for my patients over 20 years in practice.

So to begin with, I always try to help my patients learn some basic principles to help

guide them before they jump on what is the latest and greatest gadget.

So to begin with, it's very important to understand and to distinguish dynamic wrinkles

from static wrinkles.

When you're smiling, when you're moving and the skin appears to wrinkle more, you

have to understand that there is a dynamic process.

So when I say dynamic, I'm basically talking about muscle action.

So to help manage wrinkling from muscle action, you use a neurotoxin such as Botox® or Dysport

and that helps to diminish the intensity of the wrinkling with movement.

That's fairly straightforward.

And so it's been well established particularly around the eyes that it's very good for

crow's feet lines as well as some activity of the muscle underneath the eyes.

Now when it comes to the quality of the under eye skin, I would say a lot has been learned

at least from my perspective over the years of different modalities being introduced.

And in the mid 90s and in the late 90s, the procedure of choice was to use ablative CO2

laser.

And although it certainly worked very effectively, over the years, what I realized especially

as people got older that their skin continued to get thinner and then you have to ask yourself

what's the upper limit.

How much can you laser the under eye skin?

The eyelid skin is the thinnest skin in the body.

It is half a millimeter in thickness.

And so as time went on, of course, less ablative lasers like the Erbium laser came along and

then came the fractional lasers.

But further, what has helped me a lot in my practice has been a strategy where I try to

help counteract the progressive thinning of the skin which occurs with aging.

It is a commonly held belief in the medical community that after the age of 20, you lose

1% of collagen in the skin every year.

Now that is very meaningful so in a way you also want to try to be proactive and help

build the skin and find ways to strengthen the skin.

And this is where something called platelet-rich plasma (PRP) comes into play.

A lot of my patients who have crepey skin and fine wrinkled skin from aging as well

as sun exposure and smoking, what I do is basically skin rehabilitation.

We periodically inject with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) under the skin to help build

the skin up and to improve it.

We can also employ light microneedling or the use of a skin booster to help deliver

PRP to stimulate collagen as well as deliver hyaluronic acid within this very thin layer

of skin.

When it comes to also ways to stimulate skin with thermal energy, well we can do everything

from a fractional CO2 laser or fractional Erbium laser as well as this additional modalities

such as long pulsed Erbium lasers that can be used to help tighten the skin or generate

heat into the skin without taking out the top layers of skin and that also has become

another strategy that I've been employing to help manage the skin.

Basically, you cannot eliminate it but you can improve it.

And the goal is to do as little significant trauma to the skin and do as much as you can

that can sustain the skin quality for as long as possible.

So it's very common for me to customize a treatment plan which involves the regular

use of a neurotoxin, use of PRP as well as the lasers depending on what kind of skin

issue there is whether it's a long pulsed Erbium, fractional CO2, fractional Erbium.

What I would caution you is not to be overly aggressive.

Patients come all the time who have had multiple lasers, who have had thermal energy devices

especially the more aggressive high intensity radiofrequency devices and they often complain

that their skin got worse, the skin got crepier.

And it's a very important detail to consider.

Remember that the skin is so thin, it's half a millimeter in thickness.

It's practically transparent.

It has to be treated very carefully, very gently.

And you cannot eliminate wrinkling but you can manage it.

And so I think that this technology of regenerative medicine with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for

me has been very useful.

And it is also further important to understand that in addition to the wonderful interventions

that we have, prevention is very important.

And so it's important to wear sunblock, protect your skin.

The eyelid skin as I said earlier is the thinnest skin of the body and it is vulnerable to a

lot of environmental stressors such as sun exposure and smoking.

So meet with qualified, experienced doctors who can help you learn about these modalities.

Be careful about not just jumping on the train of whatever is the latest and greatest devices.

If you've been around this field for any time, you have learned that things are literally

hot for awhile and then become very cold very quickly.

And so it's important to find a doctor who has that experience and judgement to guide

you in a way that is appropriate and ethical and will be in your best interest and with

your understanding of the limitations and that's very important.

So I hope that was helpful, I wish you the best of luck and thank you for your question.

For more infomation >> How to Treat Eye Wrinkles Appearing While Relaxed, with Movement, and Thinned Eyelid Skin - Duration: 9:14.

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Factors of Differing Costs of PRP Hair Loss Treatments, and Why Expensive PRP Machines are Unproven - Duration: 13:55.

Thank you for your question.

You submitted your question without a photo. You describe in the substance of your question

that you went for a PRP treatment that was less expensive followed by your questioning

whether or not you should've gone for a PRP treatment which was more expensive. And

the clinic offering the more expensive treatment states that they have better machinery. And

so you want to figure out is there an actual value in having more expensive PRP treatment.

Well, this question is coming up a lot lately and I can certainly help you get some perspective

as someone who has a lot of experience with PRP.

A little bit of background, I'm a Board-certified cosmetic surgeon and Fellowship-trained oculofacial

plastic and reconstructive surgeon. I have been in practice in Manhattan and Long Island

for over 20 years. I am also the founder of TrichoStem™ Hair Regeneration Centers, a

system we developed using PRP and a material called extracellular matrix which we started

over 7-8 years ago and has ultimately become a significant treatment for male and female

pattern hair loss.

So I think it is very important for you to really question things in a different way.

I think that one of the things that I have observed and just to go back to some more

of the origin of our treatment system, we were using PRP and this material extracellular

matrix which is a wound healing material that literally amplifies the wound healing response

so that we can get a better healing process for the donor area of a hair transplant patient

as well as get better yield in the grafts of the transplant patient and we wanted to

see if this would help. Well, not only did it help and make a big impact but it also

resulted in a lot of our patients whose thinning hair actually became thicker. These were areas

that were not transplanted.

Well, over the course of time, I decided to try to see can I get long-term sustainable

benefit to patients non-surgically using PRP and extracellular matrix. Well, to make the

long story short, we figured out a system, an algorithm that essentially is able to non-surgically

help our patients' male and female pattern hair loss with long-term growth and improvement.

And basically, our treatment is able to reactivate hair that isn't growing. Usually that means

that hair in a resting stage which is by definition is proportionally greater when there's thinning,

thickening of thinning hair as well as prolonging the growth cycle.

Now further after approximately 7-8 years of doing these treatments, I developed a lot

of experience with a wide range of patients everything from a young 16-year-old woman

to men in their 70s and women in their 70s. And we also developed a classification system

and that classification system factors in gender, age, age of onset of hair loss, rate

of progression, degree of progression of hair loss as well as other medical treatments for

hair loss and other medical factors including hormonal levels as well as previous surgeries.

Essentially, what we have been able to establish is a system such that we have patients who

we've done one injection treatment for who had sustainable growth exceeding 5 years.

Now that of course does not apply to everyone because everyone comes to do the table with

different clinical pictures that include a limitation of their growth cycle and other

variables that affect that.

We use PRP as part of our treatment because over time, I was able to make observations

with PRP and with different types of PRP and combining it with different formulations of

extracellular matrix and looking at our patients carefully. That means seeing our patients

every 3 months and documenting results. It has taken a lot of years, a lot of time, a

lot of patients to develop this system.

Throughout this time, I have literally witnessed an incredible shift in my colleagues perception

of the value of PRP for hair loss. When we were doing this work around 2011 or 2012,

our colleagues as a general rule were openly dismissive and didn't feel that PRP had any

value. Now of course in the aesthetic field, we were already using PRP for helping skin,

help wrinkles, under eye dark circles to help skin quality overall. We already knew that

PRP had benefit. But I would say that from those observations, I knew that PRP was also

limited. It can stimulate growth but the longevity and effect can be somewhat limited.

And so in our practice, we do our Hair Regeneration treatment system based on a combination of

extracellular matrix with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). And further, I would also want to teach

you a little bit about the history of PRP. PRP was originally developed by oral surgeons

who were trying to improve outcomes with dental implant surgery. They did a very simple spinning

of the PRP and essentially worked with very basic circumstances. No fancy machines, just

a centrifuge and they got very good results. Further along, we have found a lot of use

in the field of orthopedic surgery. So orthopedic surgeons are using PRP for a lot of different

issues in joints.

Now in the marketplace, there are a lot of different companies that claim that their

PRP is better than others and they claim higher concentrations, different processes. But when

you look at anybody making these claims, can they back them up with clinical evidence?

And I would argue that it is not likely. Why is that? In order to prove that one type of

PRP is so much better than another type, you need, especially for hair loss, you have to

have very large numbers of patients and make very objective comparisons. You can do split

scalp studies, you can match patients but you need large numbers and you have to show

a distinct advantage. But in the end, my perspective is PRP alone is simply not enough. And that

in our practice, we have patients who come from all over the world, we've already established

that Hair Regeneration system, TrichoStem™ Hair Regeneration, we can get years of benefit.

Now in this point in time, we ultimately developed not only an algorithm for treatment but also

this classification system with the variables I described and from that, we developed treatment

plans. What I would argue to advocate for the individual patient, look at the clinic

and ask the question: how successful is your treatment? What is the follow-up process like?

When we do an evaluation of our patients, we spend time not only doing regularly photography

with digital camera as well as microscope photos and extensive evaluation of the medical

history but we follow our patients every 3-6 months and we do that for years and that's

part of a treatment plan. We generally do one injection, we follow our patients to see

when there's a plateau and depending on their clinical picture, we decide if there

is a value in a second injection.

Now when you evaluate clinics, if they're offering you a better treatment because they

have more expensive machines, I don't think that is a reason to choose a clinic over another.

I have seen over the past several years as people recognized the value of PRP for hair

loss which has finally been published in the dermatology literature that doctors are using

different machines to try to differentiate themselves. It's very similar to what we

see with lasers. Everybody claims to have the best laser but it's not the laser, it's

not the device. It's the doctor and their clinical judgement. Look again at the doctor

who is offering you this treatment. Look at their experience. Look at the numbers of patients

that they can show you of theirs and their before and after photos. And see if they really

stand behind their work and can follow you closely.

Hair loss is not just getting PRP treatments. Hair loss is management. It's looking at

the whole patient, the whole picture. So I would actually be cautious of anybody who

claims to have a better machine and therefore is going to charge more. As a cosmetic surgeon

in a practice where I do surgery, eyelids, facelifts, lasers, I have so many lasers.

I do injectable treatments. I can buy any machine I want to help my patients. And when

I look at all the different types of PRP and as we developed it over time, we feel we have

a good quality PRP in what we use. We need the extracellular matrix to be part of that

whole formation to get the most optimal results according to our clinical experience and we

support that clinical experience by showing our patients extensive numbers of before and

after photos.

So I hope that was helpful, I wish you the best of luck and thank you for your question.

For more infomation >> Factors of Differing Costs of PRP Hair Loss Treatments, and Why Expensive PRP Machines are Unproven - Duration: 13:55.

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Target 8: VA missed cancer, veteran fights for treatment and life - Duration: 3:15.

For more infomation >> Target 8: VA missed cancer, veteran fights for treatment and life - Duration: 3:15.

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Yusuf Buhari pictured thanking the president after his return from treatment abroad - Duration: 1:31.

In a picture shared on Facebook, Yusuf could be seen thanking President Buhari following his successful surgery. we had reported that Yusuf returned to the country after undergoing further treatment overseas.

Though it could not be ascertained where Yusuf had gone for treatment, he arrived the country in a better shape and is expected to resume a normal life.

A statement by Garba Shehu, the senior special assistant to the president on media and publicity, at the time of his accident, said Yusuf was allegedly drag racing with his friend, when the accident happened on December 26, 2017.

Yusuf had first undergone a successful emergency surgery at the Cedarcrest Hospitals, Abuja, which was carried out by a team of neurosurgeons and orthopaedic surgeons.

As his health improved, the presidents son was transferred from the intensive care unit of the hospital to the ward, following which he was certified stable and discharged.

However, This Day reports that sources in the presidency disclosed that shortly after he was discharged from Cedarcrest, he departed the country quietly due to the sensitivity surrounding his treatment abroad.

For more infomation >> Yusuf Buhari pictured thanking the president after his return from treatment abroad - Duration: 1:31.

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Louie Gohmert argues Comey's harsh treatment of Clinton is evidence he was in bag for Clinton - Duration: 1:14.

court hearings.

Steve: The attorney general

made it clear they are going

to look into FISA abuse with

the inspector general of the

department of justice.

Louie, we have so many

investigations going.

You have the Robert Mueller

thing.

The ig looking into the doj.

That's where Peter strzok

got in trouble and got fired

off of the Mueller team.

It's hard to keep track.

But, so a lot of people are

thinking well, aren't they

already looking into Hillary

Clinton's stuff, somebody?

>> Yes.

And my understanding is that

Jeff sessions and some of

the doj are looking into

some of the Hillary Clinton

stuff, perhaps on uranium

one.

But there is so much

voluming the emails and, you

know, okay, did Comey only

come forward right before

the election about we're

reopening Hillary's case

because some of the FBI

agents said either you come

forward or we're going to

quit and we're going to blow

the whistle on how

pro-hillary you've been?

All of that needs to be

investigated and it involved

doj and FBI.

That needs a second counsel

to do that.

Steve: It's up to Jeff

sessions, let's see what he

does.

>> Or the president could

appoint a second counsel

himself.

That's what I mentioned to

the president last July.

For more infomation >> Louie Gohmert argues Comey's harsh treatment of Clinton is evidence he was in bag for Clinton - Duration: 1:14.

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Best Food For Treat Diabetes | Foxtail millet For Diabetes - Duration: 2:07.

foxtail millet a must eat food for diabetes

millets are tiny seeds of the grass family that originated in Africa and

Asia foxtail millet is low in essential amino acids and higher than most grains

in fat content 75% of which is heart healthy polyunsaturated fat millet has

to be shown to be potentially beneficial in the management of diabetes let's see

why foxtail millet is a must eat food for diabetes insulin resistance millet

is feature among a list of healthy foods for its ability to decrease insulin

resistance millet is also a good source of B vitamins your body uses to process

carbohydrates millet contain substantial quantities of several minerals including

calcium iron potassium and magnesium researchers have shown the results for

the potential of millet in treating type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases

triglycerides researchers reported that a diet containing 20% millet protein for

three weeks significantly decreased glucose and triglyceride levels and

increase the levels of adiponectin a substance secreted by fat cells that

regulates appetite millet also increases the levels of high-density lipoprotein

HDL and the good forms of cholesterol the research has concluded that

malignant potentially be useful at managing insulin resistance and

cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes fiber may let me make a good

substitute of rice for some diabetics millets high fiber content slows

digestion and releases sugar into the bloodstream at a more even pace this

helps diabetics to avoid dangerous spikes in blood sugar that leads to

glucose spilling over into the urine known as glucose oriya millet also

contains high quantities of methionine and amino acid that is deficient in most

grains giving military label place in vegetarian diet for any queries and

suggestions feel free to comment in below comment box thanks for watching

this video for more videos like us and subscribe to get latest updates and

notifications click on bell icon

For more infomation >> Best Food For Treat Diabetes | Foxtail millet For Diabetes - Duration: 2:07.

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Lyme Disease Treatment - Johns Hopkins - Duration: 3:37.

- The treatment of Lyme disease is based on antibiotics.

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterial infection.

The bacteria is called Borrelia burgdorferi

and the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria

is sensitive to certain classes of antibiotics.

The mainstay is doxycycline for adults,

but the penicillin-like antibiotics, such as amoxicillin

and Ceftin, which is a syphilis borne antibiotic

also have activity against Lyme disease.

In children under the age of 12, we generally use

amoxicillin because of the possible side effects

of doxycycline in small children.

The mainstay of treatment is

with pill antibiotics or oral antibiotics.

Occasionally intravenous antibiotics are indicated.

The specific indications for intravenous antibiotics

would be the presence of meningitis

or central nervous system involvement,

and occasionally, harder-to-treat Lyme arthritis

will be treated with intravenous antibiotics.

But by and large, we start with oral antibiotics first,

and reserve intravenous antibiotics

for difficult-to-treat cases.

The treatment of the bacterial infection

with antibiotics is very important.

Without antibiotic treatment, the Lyme bacteria

can evade the host immune system

and can persist in the body for long periods of time.

So the use of antibiotics is critical for Lyme disease.

The antibiotics actually go into the bacteria

preferentially, and they either stop the multiplication,

that's the way doxycycline works,

or in the case of penicillins, they actually disrupt

the cell wall of the bacteria, and kill the bacteria.

So this is very important that the antibiotics

either stop the growth or kill the bacteria,

so that then the host immune response has that leg up

and eradicate the residual infection.

Without antibiotics,

the infection in Lyme disease can persist.

Antibiotics, like all medications

have the potential for side effects.

Not everyone gets side effects, but occasionally people do.

The most common side effect of the penicillin antibiotics

would be diarrhea, and occasionally

even serious cases of diarrhea

caused by the bacteria clostridium difficile.

This bacterial overgrowth condition occurs

because the antibiotics kill the good bacteria

in our bowels, and so it's always very important

to be aware of any diarrhea that might develop.

Some people find the use of probiotics useful

to try to prevent diarrhea.

Any antibiotic can cause skin rashes.

They could be the first sign of an allergy.

So any time you're on an antibiotic

you should be aware of the development

of any itchy or red rash, you should let your doctor know

if you develop a rash while you're on antibiotics.

Occasionally when people start an antibiotic

in acute Lyme disease, their symptoms

actually worsen for the first few days.

This is called a Herxheimer reaction,

and this occurs in Lyme disease when the antibiotic

starts to kill the bacteria.

In the first 24 to 48 hours, these dead bacteria

actually stimulate the immune system to cause more symptoms,

and the Cytokines and Chemokines that are elaborated

can cause increased fever and achiness.

This should be transient and last no more than a day or two

after the initiation of antibiotics.

For more infomation >> Lyme Disease Treatment - Johns Hopkins - Duration: 3:37.

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Hypertension causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology - Duration: 6:28.

Over a billion around the world have hypertension, or high blood pressure, so that pretty much

means it's pretty common.

Let's start by defining it.

Typically, it's represented by two numbers: the top number is the systolic blood pressure,

which is the arterial pressure when the heart is contracting; and the lower number is the

diastolic blood pressure, which is the arterial pressure when the heart is relaxing or refilling.

Most of the time, blood pressure is taken in the brachial artery in your upper arm,

because if the pressure is high there, it's probably high throughout all of the arteries.

The guidelines for categorizing blood pressure have recently changed to reflect a growing

body of evidence that shows that even moderately high blood pressures can significantly increase

your risk for developing heart disease.

Now, 'normal' systolic blood pressure is defined as less than 120 mmHg, and a normal

diastolic pressure is less than 80 mmHg.

Elevated systolic blood pressure is considered between 120 and 129 mmHg and less than 80

mmHg on the diastolic side.

Stage 1 hypertension is between 130 and 139 mmHg on the systolic side, and between 80

and 89 mmHg on the diastolic side.

Stage 2 hypertension is defined as anything that is 140 mmHg or higher on the Systolic

side and 90 mmHg or higher on the diastolic side.

Typically, both systolic and diastolic pressures tend to climb or fall together, but that's

not always the case.

Sometimes, you can have systolic or diastolic hypertension, when one number is normal and

the other is really high.

This is referred to as isolated systolic hypertension or isolated diastolic hypertension.

High blood pressure is a serious problem for the blood vessels because it causes wear and

tear on the endothelial cells that line the inside of the blood vessels.

Just like a garden hose that's always under high pressure, in the long term, blood vessels

can develop tiny cracks and tears that can lead to serious problems, like myocardial

infarctions, aneurysms, and strokes.

Now, about 90% of the time, hypertension happens without a clearly identifiable underlying

reason.

We call this primary hypertension, or essential hypertension.

In other words, over time, pressure in the arteries begins to silently creep up.

And there are a bunch of risk-factors that we've identified for primary hypertension.

And these include: old-age, obesity, salt-heavy diets, and sedentary lifestyles.

With the exception of age, all of these can be improved with lifestyle changes.

And those changes can help reduce hypertension.

About 10% of the time, though, there is a specific, identifiable underlying condition

that is the cause of hypertension; and we call this secondary hypertension.

For example, anything that limits the blood flow to the kidneys, or the renal blood flow,

can cause hypertension, as well as things like atherosclerosis, vasculitis, or aortic

dissection.

This is because the kidneys play a super important role in blood pressure regulation.

When not enough blood flows to the kidneys, the kidney secretes the hormone renin, which

ultimately helps the kidneys retain more water.

That water contributes to more blood in the arteries, making them more full, which leads

to higher pressures.

Other diseases can also cause secondary hypertension.

Fibromuscular dysplasia, which affects young women, can cause the walls of the large- and

medium-sized arteries to thicken.

If it involves the renal artery and limits blood flowing to the kidneys, it triggers

more renin.

Another example is a tumor that produces excess aldosterone, which just like renin, leads

to fluid retention.

Finally, if the blood pressure gets really high really fast, it's referred to as a

hypertensive crisis, and involves a systolic greater than 180 mmHg or a diastolic pressure

greater than 120 mmHg.

Hypertensive crisis can be further split into hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency.

With hypertensive urgency, there hasn't yet been damage to end organs like the brain,

kidneys, heart, and lungs.

In hypertensive emergency, there has shown to be evidence of damage to end organs.

So, for symptoms, usually primary hypertension isn't actually accompanied by any symptoms,

which is why it's sometimes referred to as a "silent killer".

Secondary hypertension might involve a variety of symptoms associated with the underlying

cause.

And finally, hypertensive emergency may involve symptoms like confusion, drowsiness, chest

pain, and breathlessness.

The first choice for treatment of hypertension is lifestyle changes, like changes to the

diet, exercise, and stress reduction techniques.

In addition, there are a variety of antihypertensive medications that may be given in some cases

as well.

Alright, as a quick recap, hypertension, or high blood pressure, affects over a billion

people around the world, and over time is a major risk factor for heart disease and

stroke.

Stage 1 hypertension is defined as 130 to 139 mmHg for the systolic blood pressure and

between 80 to 89 mmHg for the diastolic pressure, while Stage 2 hypertension is defined as greater

than 140 mmHg on the systolic side and greater than 90 mmHg on the diastolic side.

Hypertension usually doesn't cause any symptoms, and the first line of treatment is lifestyle

changes.

For more infomation >> Hypertension causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology - Duration: 6:28.

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New Augusta logo gets commission treatment - Duration: 2:21.

For more infomation >> New Augusta logo gets commission treatment - Duration: 2:21.

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How to Stop Hair Fall Naturally l Mens Hair Loss Treatment l Grow Long Hair l Hair Loss - Duration: 2:24.

Medications to Slow Men's Hair Loss.

Lots of products claim to help guys bring back the shiny mane of their younger days.

But only a handful of those seem to work.

And you don't need to lighten your wallet on worthless shampoos and supplements in the

quest for a fuller head of hair.

There's no cure for baldness, but these options may help you keep it at bay if you're

gradually losing hair.

The best time to use them is before you've lost a lot.

So when you start to notice thinning locks, check in with your doctor about what you can

do.

A Pill to Stop Hair Loss.

Popping a pill to thwart thinning hair may sound too good to be true, but it's possible

with finasteride (Propecia).

The drug works by lowering levels of a hormone that shrinks hair follicles, called dihydrotestosterone

(DHT).

It slows hair loss in about 88% of men and helps hair regrow in about 66%.

You need a doctor's prescription to get finasteride, which you take every day.

Be patient, though: It can take 6 months to see results, because hair loss and growth

happen slowly.

In clinical trials for the drug, about 3% of men had some side effects, including a

lower sex drive and other sexual problems.

It's possible that these issues can continue after you stop taking the drug.

Keep in mind, too, that pregnant women shouldn't handle the pills -- touching broken or crushed

tablets can cause birth defects in babies.

A Rub-In Remedy.

It's not as easy to use as a daily pill, but minoxidil (Rogaine), a liquid or foam

that you rub into your scalp, is another option.

The 5% strength seems to work best.

Studies show it can help hair grow, but it may also help you hold on to the strands you

already have.

The earlier you start using minoxidil, the more likely it is to help.

You have to use it for at least 4 months, and possibly for up to a year, before you

can see if it's working.

While you may grow more hair with finasteride, it tends to have more side effects than minoxidil.

You also don't need a prescription for minoxidil.

You apply the medicine twice a day to dry hair.

Applicators make the process less messy.

The main side effect is scalp irritation.

For more infomation >> How to Stop Hair Fall Naturally l Mens Hair Loss Treatment l Grow Long Hair l Hair Loss - Duration: 2:24.

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From Diagnosis to Treatment | TCLLF Presentation Part 3 - Duration: 18:29.

Hi, I'm Dr. Andrei Shustov

from the University of Washington.

I'm a Medical Oncologist with

expertise in lymphomas.

The focus of my clinical work and

research are a rare and

diverse group of lymphomas called

T-cell lymphomas, or

peripheral T-cell lymphomas, or

simply, PTCLs.

Taking care of thousands of patients

over the years and

counseling their families I learned that the

best way for me to manage their

care and care for my patients

is to empower them to be part of the

team. To educate them about

their disease. Where it comes

from, types of treatments,

and bring them onboard

in making an important decision about their life

their treatment, and how we approach

their overall care.

To make decisions, you

need knowledge, and

today, we will learn about

how we establish

the diagnosis of lymphoma.

And, how we

stage the lymphoma, or find out

how far it's spread, and what

it means for treatments, and what

happens between the first presentation

of lymphoma and

and just before you start your therapy.

T-cell lymphomas are a rare

and diverse group of lymphomas

that represent only

6-10% of non-Hodgkin's

lymphomas.

There are over 20 different

types of T-cell lympomas and we

are starting to appreciate how

different they are by

origin, their biology,

clinical behavior, response

to therapy, and that

we most likely will

end up treating every

T-cell lymphoma differently

in the coming years.

That is why it's so important

to make the right diagnosis

and to determine what specific

type of PTCL

do you or your family member have?

Because this can really impact

the proper therapy

and the right decision,

how to approach it.

How do we make a diagnosis?

First of all,

to make a diagnosis of lymphoma, you

have to go to the source. We

need to perform a lymph node biopsy.

Lymphomas are tumors of the immune

system, they start in the lymph

node, they develop in the lymph

node, and the best way

to look at the whole

process, what's going on, is to take

the lymph node out, slice it

up, and look under a microscope.

I will take a second here and

emphasize

that for medical

oncologists specializing in lymphomas,

The most important part that I can teach

my colleagues and patients in the community

and academia is for

lymphoma diagnosis, you should

never do

needle aspiration of the lymph node

or needle biopsy of the lymph node.

It is sufficient for any other

cancer that we deal with in humans, but

for lymphomas, you have to do

what's called an excisional biopsy.

You have to take the entire lymph node out.

Because taking a little piece

with a needle sets you up for potential

mistakes that will have

consequences on

treatment and how

we discuss management and

discuss prognosis, because

guess what? Different parts of the

lymph nodes, can have different lymphomas.

Or you can biopsy a part of

the lymph node that doesn't have a lymphoma.

And then you miss the diagnosis.

For other cancers like

melanomas and breast cancer and

pretty much any other cancer

that humans can develop, needle

biopsy is appropriate because

all you need to do is find

the cell that doesn't belong in a lymph node.

Lymphomas, lymph

nodes are their homes. Just

having cells in the lymph node is

not going to give you the diagnosis. You have

to look at the entirety of the lymph node,

how those cells talk to each other,

because, making

diagnosis of lymphoma in general

does not help us.

There are 50+ different types

you HAVE to nail the right diagnosis

to advise the right therapy.

Once the lymph node is out of

the human body, it's

processed by the pathologist, we

look at it under a microscope,

and most of the time, it

gives us an idea about

fifty percent

we're there, making the right diagnosis.

But in order to pinpoint the subtype

of lymphoma, the species of lymphoma,

you have to go further, you have to

do chemical tests, and

nowadays there is a very

specialized and very sensitive

technique called flow cytometry

that allows us to look at every single

cell in the lymph node

what molecules are present

on its surface, how it looks

and define

the diagnosis with nearly

one hundred percent accuracy.

So what is flow cytometry? How do

we make a diagnosis?

Most of you will receive your pathology

report as part of your medical records

and it will describe that there are

certain cells in your lymph node

and there is this very long

sentence that says that

tumor cells are positive for

this, this, this, this, negative

for this, this, this, and then the

pathologist says, that's your diagnosis.

Frequent questions that I hear from

the patient is, "Was it the right diagnosis?"

"Did the pathologist make a mistake? Can

somebody confirm it?"

And it's a very legitimate

and it's the right question to pose

because making mistakes at the beginning

can have dire consequences

down the road if you choose the wrong treatment.

The truth is nowadays,

American pathologists

are equipped with such a scientific

method, such technology that

making mistakes in the diagnosis

is not very common.

You say how come?

Let's go back to the basics of

how we define cells and how

we call this is a T-cell, this is

a B-cell, T-cell lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma.

Shown in this slide is

the presentation of the

concept that every cell

in the human body has

special molecules

sticking out of the membrane.

Why do they have that?

cells have to communicate, they have to know

who is around, who is

their neighbor, who are they bumping into,

and you can imagine that cells

specific lymphocytes, they

don't have eyeballs, ears, antennas

they have to sense it somehow.

So they have these cells sticking out

called receptors. And these

receptors tell the cell

what's around them, what

is the neighboring cell, is it an enemy, is it

an infection? But we can use that

to define what

cell we are looking at because every

particular cell out of all the thousands

of types we have in the human body,

has a specific set

of these receptors sticking out

Pertaining to our discussion

today, T-cells have a very specific

array of molecules sticking out

and some of them are

unique to T-cells, that's why

we can say right away "This is a

T-cell lymphoma, not a B-cell lymphoma."

This particular set

consists of something called

CD3, CD4,

CD2, CD 8,

CD5, and by the way

CD is just a uniform marker

that we had to come up with because

there re thousands of them and putting

different names on it would be impractical.

So CD is the type of molecule

and then the number designates

its place in classification, but now

if you learn about

which of these markers are present in every

particular cell, you can know

exactly what type of cell it is.

Now think about it, if we can

define every cell in the human body like

this, we can also define

any type of cancer like this.

Because, when cancers develop

from normal cells,

they mutate, they change

the set of molecules that sticks out

of the cancer cells, so every

type of lymphoma has a very

unique set of molecules

sitting on top of the surface

and that is how having all

those tools, we're able to define

all these CD markers

on tumor cells, we can

come up with a signature for every

lymphoma. As an example

your pathology report can read

"The tumor cells are

CD20 negative, CD5 negative,

CD-something negative, but -

they are CD3 positive,

CD4 positive, CD2 positive,

etc. etc." and

when the pathologist looks at this readout,

coming out of this machine called

a flow cytometer, there is no doubt

that this cell belongs to the

type of lymphoma that's stated

on your diagnosis.

Now, things are not always

that easy, because tumor cells

can be slick. Sometimes

they mimic normal cells,

and what comes out in the readout

says well, it's not that different from a

normal cell. That's where it takes

a real skill of

a specialized pathologist, we call them

hematopathologists, to

really use their experience

their expertise, just like clinicians

when we treat patients, to

say that most

likely we're dealing with this lymphoma

that looks like a normal cell

but definitely, this is

anaplastic large cell lymphoma,

or angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, etc. etc.

Making the correct diagnosis

again, is extremely important

because, there are very unique

treatments for subtypes of lymphomas

that give you the best chance of curing it.

Another way of looking at the cells

besides the flow cytometry is to

apply a special stain so these

special dyes that are carried

by specific antibodies that

recognize those

CD markers, and

this is just for your visual understanding

how pathologists make the diagnosis

they look in the microscope, and every

time they apply the marker,

and cells turn brown, that means

that there are a lot of

CD30 molecules in these cells.

And, there are very

few cells that carry this particular

molecule, so then they write

it down and there we have your diagnosis.

So now you understand that

diagnosis is very important

to make for particular type of lymphoma

and there is scientific

technology that allows us to do that.

Once a diagnosis is established,

it goes for any

type of cancer, but specifically

to lymphomas, we have to find

out how far they've spread.

And this is something that we call staging.

Staging of lymphomas is extremely

important step between the

diagnosis and treatment, because

it also informs us how

best to treat this patient.

By and large, we

recognize early stage lymphomas

and advanced stage lymphomas.

As the name implies, early stage

they have not spread far,

advanced stage, there is a widespread

cancerous process in

the human body. Where do we make

the cut?

We recognize 4 stages of lymphoma,

from one to four.

How do we make this determination?

There are two types of technologies that have

evolved in the past couple of decades.

One is very familiar to you called

a CT scan.

CT scans are very

sophisticated x-rays, they take

several thousand cuts of human

body, and then combine

it into this singe image and

you can see every organ inside

the body, you can see every

single lymph node, and then you

determine whether the lymph nodes are normal

or abnormal, mostly by size.

Lymph nodes are always visible

on a CT scan, but they're supposed to be

tiny. Once they become bigger

then you know that something is going on.

If the patient already has the diagnosis of lymphoma,

it's easy to assume that enlarged lymph nodes

are involved by lymphoma.

However, think about if lymphomas

spread to the lymph nodes early,

but it's not enough to make it big,

how do you determine that? That's where PET

scans come along. PET scans

are technology that

uses the radioactive material

that is put in the human body

and it's attached to this sugar, to glucose.

Tumor cells have to divide rapidly

they have a high metabolism,

so they would eat more sugar than

surrounding cells. If they

consume more of this radioactive material,

they're gonna light up on the PET scan.

This way you can see

where a lymphoma has spread even before

it becomes enlarged.

As an example, the PET

scan of the patient is shown

on this slide, and you see that

those bright areas

in the neck, around the liver,

and somewhere in the pelvis,

indicate that there is something

metabolic, something really

"hot" is going on.

If this patient already has established

diagnosis of lymphoma, it is

easy to make that leap of faith and say

"this is lymphoma spread" especially

because things that are lighting up are lymph nodes.

So the chances that

the person has something besides lymphoma

is extremely low.

And now we see that lymphoma involves

the lymph nodes around the neck,

on both sides, around the wind-pipe

trachea, in the left

armpit, in the groin,

what do we call this?

Is it early stage, advanced stage?

Intuitively, you would say yeah this is all

over the place and it's advanced stage lymphoma.

But let's put some science to it because

your doctors will be talking to you and saying

you have stage 3, stage 1

stage 4, etc. etc.

For the purpose of staging we divide

the human body into 2 halves

and we use the diaphragm

as the natural border, the breathing

muscle in the middle as a

division line. As shown in the slide

the diaphragm in the middle,

and then you have

human body above the diaphragm, and below

the diaphragm. So if you find the

lymph nodes by using PET scan

or CT scan, just one

area, let's make an example of

the left armpit.

Nowhere else, left armpit

PET scan lights up,

nowhere else, this is stage 1.

So stage 1 is

lymph node involvement in one

area only. If the lymphoma

spreads to several areas

of lymph nodes but all of them are

above or below the

diaphragm, just one side of the human

body - we call it a stage 2.

Further spread on both sides of

the diaphragm makes it a stage

3, and if the lyphoma has

spread in other areas

outside the lymph nodes we call it

extranodal spread, it could be the bone marrow

could be any other organ

liver, lung, skin,

etc. It's a stage four.

Intuitively, you would probably think

that stage 1 and 2

is early stage, 3 and 4 is

advanced stage, and you would be correct.

That's how we roughly separate

advanced and early stage lymphomas.

We also assign them

definitions A and B

and it's very important because

it also has implications sometimes on

how we manage patients. Lymphomas

are notorious for causing symptoms

that you would typically

experience if you have an infection. Fever,

night sweats, weight loss,

and if any of those

is present, we call it a B.

And by the way we call them

constitutional symptoms, sometimes

you hear that word from doctors. If you have no

symptoms like that, we put a

designation A.

So now you understand that

person can have stage 2A,

3B, 4A, 1B,

based on how extensive the

lymphoma's spread, and based on whether or

not you have those specialized symptoms.

Why is it important to

determine? It's important to

determine because early stage

lymphomas and advanced stage lymphomas

I approach differently.

In early stages we have learned

through a lot of studies in the past

especially in B-cell lymphomas,

in T-cell lymphomas it's not as clear,

that you can do actually

limited number of chemotherapy treatments.

And you can bring radiation

along, combine those,

and you can cure the majority of patients

with early stage, cutting

chemotherapy in half. If you

have to treat advanced stage lymphoma,

you cannot do that. First of all

radiation is no help, and

patients would receive twice as

much chemotherapy or

twice as many chemotherapy cycles

to achieve the same cure rate.

That's why it's so important if you

understage it, then you can

undertreat patients.

If you overshoot, you can bring a lot of

toxicity that patients don't need, so

staging is a very important part

of preparation for your treatment.

What else is important?

In a future discussion, we will

talk about treatment of lymphomas but I will

just mention that

the mainstay of cancer treatment

at this day and age with all the

developments still remains chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy is very toxic,

and not everybody can

tolerate it, so we have to determine

whether this particular person

or you as a patient can tolerate

multiple chemotherapy cycles.

So in preparation for treatment,

your doctor will be checking your heart,

checking your lungs, checking your

kidney and liver, and bone marrow

function to make sure

that if we try to cure this lymphoma.

and it requires a lot of

toxic treatments, that your body can tolerate it.

So if you combine all the information we just talked about,

Proper diagnosis,

review by expert pathologist,

staging to determine how far

the lymphoma has spread, and

preparation by determining your

organ function status,

is the complex evaluation

that allows doctors

to prepare you for treatment.

In future discussions, we

will focus on specifically

what treatment we use for lymphomas.

With that I will close this

part of our educational

forum, and

I'll see you back for future discussions.

Thank you.