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hi beavers this is dr. Romesh from urban hospital a Hyderabad and our special

greetings from hevene hospital so I've been the practice in Neurology last 20

years so today I'm going to talk to you about a spondylosis which is commonly

misdiagnosed and MS named for some of the disease has a spondylosis now what

is that spondylosis means spondylosis is a skeletal abnormality in

what happens in a skeletal abnormality you know we have some alignment in the

vertebra vertebra is a back bone and in which the spinal cord runs and this

spinal cord comes from the brain descends down from a brain so these

vertebrates in fact they protect the spinal cord all around its structures

so each vertebrates are small in sizes and they are arranged one over the above

like a bamboo and in between these small body plays we have a soft tissue called

a disc and on either side of this vertebra we have a small roots exiting

out of the body and they are important in functioning of our limbs and and as

well as you know arms and legs and they control our urine and then we know on

the bubble movements and everything so when they work normally usually they

don't have any symptoms and as for losses how do the people

develop a spondylosis if you're in one profession which is you continue for a

very long time for example I will give you take a software engineer now

software engineer is more of respected moments you know they don't mobile

they're always with a table and then laptop and then they are up one posture

for a very long time as a result the body also gets in adapted to the gravity

and a muscle stretch and then they get they have to know align the

whole body according to the posture and then sustain that posture for a very

long time with the contraction of those muscles as a result those muscle

contractions will be held up for a very long time and they become very very

stiff when they become stiff they start pulling that bones which is very near or

which it gets attached to it so if constant pull of that particular bone in

that muscle direction it gets a dis aligned from its normal posture the same

way when if we have a spine and then it gets a dis aligned forward or backward

or sideways when it gets dis aligned because of excessive movements are

because of no movements as a result with the roots which are exiting out of a

bone on either side will get compressed and this compression causes tingling

numbness in fingers sometimes shooting pain dragging pain pulling pain and then

you'll have a nagging pain in the neck so this is self indicates it's an early

stage of a spondylosis that means a reverse skeletal arrangement is dis

aligned so this is the right time we should get adapted to a regular

exercise stretch exercise physical therapy regular walk and then this will

can be controlled at the initial phase when we ignore all this will end up

either into a direct under compression as a result you'll have uncontrolled

pain where physiotherapy has got at least role and medicine has got minimum

role medicine is given only as a symptomatic treatment where the pain can

be reduced for a certain time when the drug wears off from the body again pain

reappears so what we have understood now if this initial reversible phase it can

be controlled when it becomes irreversible immediately you need to see

a neurologist and you know this will identify what is a precise problem and

then what is the remedy for it if Kim can be manageable with a simple exercise

and then as well as correction of the alignment then he will

take help of a physiotherapist and try to help you out in overcoming

this problem when you are beyond this problem then you need to see a

neurosurgeon their neurosurgeon I he decompresses it or he will try to put

all those bones which are misaligned into a lined position there is

limitations in that we cannot get completely controlled with this but all

these specialist physiotherapist neurologists neurosurgeons they'll try

to help you in some manner to bring you back into a normal lifestyle so my

request to you ollie is I think earlier identifying the disease then preventing

the disease is much better than taking a treatment and getting surgery done for

this disease will be much more difficult thank you very much for viewing this our

reading from event Hospital

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New breakthrough treatment for women with hardest-to-treat breast cancer - Duration: 9:08.

New breakthrough treatment for women with hardest-to-treat breast cancer

An experimental 'magic bullet' drug has the potential to change the way women are treated for one of the most deadly forms of breast cancer, an expert has said.

Sacituzumab, is an antibody that zeroes in on cancer cells. Like a homing missile, it delivers a 'warhead' in the form of a potent chemotherapy drug. Since it directly targets tumours while avoiding healthy cells, side effects are kept to a minimum.

In a clinical trial involving 108 women with triple-negative breast cancer that had spread around the body, the infused drug caused 'significant' tumour shrinkage, researchers reported.

The women had all previously failed to respond to two or more previous treatments. All had a poor prognosis. Overall, a third of the patients responded to the drug and typical survival time was 13 months.

Nine long-term responders remained free of any disease progression for more than a year.

Senior investigator Dr Kevin Kalinsky, from Columbia University, New York, said: 'I think this drug has the potential to change practice, because the data looks so compelling, even with the relatively small number of patients in the trial.

There's an unmet need for patients with metastatic (spreading) triple-negative breast cancer, and we see significant tumour shrinkage with this new therapy. Triple negative breast cancers are notoriously hard to treat.

They are impervious to normal types of hormone therapy and drugs that target the cancer-fuelling HER-2 protein.

The new drug is also being tested against other types of breast cancer as well as bladder and prostate cancers, said researchers writing in the New England Journal of Medicine.

During the trial only 3 percent of patients stopped taking the drug due to adverse side effects. The main effects seen were hair loss, diarrhoea and fatigue.

Dr Kalinsky added: 'Having smaller tumours can be incredibly meaningful to a patient's quality of life. When tumours shrink, patients are more likely to experience improvement in symptoms, like pain.'.